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The morisc
(1492-1568)
The capitulation of Granada in 1492 guaranteed to defeated
the freedom of Muslim cult. Mudéjares (mudaijan; domesticated)
they coexisted with the Christians from s. XI, being respected
its customs, marries and work in exchange for tribute. They
appear the abuses now of the Christian colonos that end a
revolt in Níjar in 1501, enslaved and selling its settlers.. |
The pragmatic
law of 1502 forces mudéjares to abjure of its religion
or to exile. Those that remained, although obstinate to their
faith and customs, were called moriscos (Christian new). A
difficult stage knew Níjar coexistence (1502-1568):
the "old Christians" learned the agricultural techniques
of irrigated land of the moriscos, the culture of the moral
and the morera for the artisan activity of the silk weave;
the carpentry, esparto, the pottery and also wool and bovine
the local pasturing of goats, from the mountain range to the
level ones of the coast.
It is begun to construct to the church, with three ships,
taking advantage of the dimension the tower strength of the
old mosque: head with pointed arc and back choir, encalados
walls and ceiling adorned with caissons of magnifies conservation
and beauty.
The church of Huebro was of similar characteristics. Lucainena,
Turrillas, Níjar, Inox, Tarbal and the Slaughter were
the main nuclei inhabited until the morisca revolt of the
1568 and definitive expulsion in 1570.
During the revolts of Christmas of 1568, the moriscas families
of all the region of Níjar took refuge in the castle
of the Rock of Inox, to the delay to embark towards Africa.
Informed the Christians, they arrived with armies of sacking
mercenarios come from all the peninsula, they took the hill
and they obtained 3,000 slaves between women and children.
It was the famous "business of concluded Inox" next
to which today one remembers like "the town of the Slaughter".
After this war the population of Almeria was reduced to 7,000
inhabitants. In 1571, Níjar counted on a dispersed
morisca population, hides in the mountain ranges. Except for
the villa, all the towns were left from Almeria to Mojácar
(1574). They arrived stepped repobladores from Cazorla, levantinos,
Castilian, Aragonese and frontier, altogether 170 people (forty
and five were welded). The repoblación failed and had
to happen more than one hundred years so that the region recovered
the population of the morisca stage.
It began s. XVII, the dark century of Níjar. |
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